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Declining Physical Education Access in U.S. Schools: A State-by-State Analysis of Policy Implementation


Abstract Purpose: This study evaluated student access to physical education in 26 U.S. states, examining weekly minutes, class sizes, and policy implementation practices. Methods: The U.S. Physical Education and Physical Activity Policy questionnaire was distributed to 40,970 physical education teachers across 26 states. Data were collected on weekly minutes, days/week, class sizes, and policy-related practices. Responses were analyzed to assess physical education access and its correlation with class sizes. Results: Findings revealed that student physical education access is below recommendations, with significant between-state variability. Average weekly minutes were 92.8 in elementary, 151.8 in middle school, 185.9 in high school, and 157.8 for students with disabilities. Positive correlations between minutes/week and class sizes suggest that some schools increase class sizes to maintain instructional time. Conclusion: To address declining physical education access, future efforts should focus on engaging educators and policymakers through advocacy, professional development, and best practices in state policies.
Authors Ben D. Kern University of WyomingORCID , Wesley J. Wilson ORCID , Chad M. Killian ORCID , Lisa Paulson , Hans van der Mars ORCID , David S. Woo ORCID , Tristan Wallhead University of WyomingORCID
Journal Info Human Kinetics | Journal of Teaching in Physical Education , pages: 1 - 15
Publication Date 2/7/2025
ISSN 0273-5024
TypeKeyword Image article
Open Access closed Closed Access
DOI https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2024-0258
KeywordsKeyword Image Physical Education (Score: 0.8012239) , State policy (Score: 0.6060584)